Lower excess postexercise oxygen consumption and altered growth hormone and cortisol responses to exercise in obese men.

CONTEXT Obesity is associated with altered patterns of substrate utilization at rest and during exercise. OBJECTIVE The relationship between obesity and fat oxidation during recovery from exercise was examined. HYPOTHESIS The postexercise shift toward fat oxidation is blunted in the obese state, reflected by higher respiratory exchange ratio (RER), blunted GH, and increased cortisol values compared with lean controls. DESIGN Each subject completed two 160-min protocols (baseline and exercise). During baseline, subjects rested for 160 min; during exercise, they completed 30 min of cycling at ventilatory threshold, followed by 130 min of rest. SETTING This study was performed at the University of Alberta. SUBJECTS Healthy untrained (maximal oxygen consumption, <45 ml/kg.min or <3.35 liter/min) lean (<16% body fat; n = 6) and obese (>25% body fat; n = 7) men, aged 30-39 yr, were studied. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES RER, GH, cortisol, oxygen consumption, heart rate, tympanic temperature, and lactate were obtained during both protocols at matched time intervals and analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA. RESULTS During baseline, there were no differences detected between lean and obese groups for any of the measured variables. In contrast, during exercise, peak GH levels were blunted (P < 0.05) and cortisol levels were elevated (P < 0.05) in the obese compared with the lean subjects, but RER values were similar in the two groups. The differences in GH and cortisol persisted during the postexercise period accompanied by higher RER values (P < 0.05) and reduced total oxygen consumption (P < 0.05) in the obese group. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that exercise-induced fat oxidation is diminished in obese men.